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This exploration examines how simulation-based assessments can effectively bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical skills in medical education.

February 28, 2026Open Access

The role of simulation-based assessments in bridging the gap between theory and practice in medical education

Key Points

This exploration examines how simulation-based assessments can effectively bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical skills in medical education.
Conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
Reviewed 53 articles from electronic databases including PubMed and Google Scholar.
Analyzed various types of simulations, such as OSCE, VR simulation, and standardized patient simulations.
Simulation-based assessments significantly enhance clinical decision-making skills and procedural competencies.
These assessments create a safe learning environment with immediate feedback.
Identified challenges include technological integration and resource allocation, with future directions focusing on advanced technologies like AI and VR.

Abstract

The comprehensive exploration delves into the transformative landscape of simulation-based assessments in medical education, highlighting their pivotal role in bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, our study meticulously combed through electronic databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, employing targeted keywords and Boolean operators to identify 53 pertinent articles for inclusion. The diverse types of assessment, including objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), high-fidelity simulation, standardized patient simulation, in situ simulation, virtual reality (VR) simulation, and task trainer simulations, collectively contribute to a comprehensive and experiential learning environment. Oriented by a theoretical framework, structured assessment procedures ensure intentional and thoughtful educational practices, significantly improving clinical decision-making skills, procedural competencies, and teamwork. While the advantages of creating a safe environment, providing immediate feedback, and standardized assessment are acknowledged, challenges such as technological integration, resource allocation, and ethical considerations are also addressed. Future directions in simulation-based assessments involve integrating advanced technologies such as VR and artificial intelligence (AI), shifting toward longitudinal assessment models, implementing mobile and Augmented reality platforms, developing multidisciplinary simulations, and continuous innovation in scenario design. This exploration underscores simulation-based assessments as a dynamic force shaping the future of medical education, ensuring healthcare professionals are well prepared for the challenges. Simulation-based assessments in medical education bridge theory and practice, fostering experiential learning and enhancing clinical skills, procedural competencies, and teamwork, thereby meeting evolving healthcare demands through continuous innovation and advanced technologies.

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