Retraction notice: Measuring the impact of human resource management (HRM) practices on pharmaceutical industry's effectiveness: the mediating role of employee competencies

The publishers of Employee Relations wish to retract the article Otoo, F.N.K. (2020), “Measuring the impact of human resource management (HRM) practices on pharmaceutical industry’s effectiveness: the mediating role of employee competencies”, published in Employee Relations, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2019-0142. It has come to our attention that a large proportion of this article is copied, without sufficient attribution, from a number of earlier sources. These were: i. Otoo, F.N.K. (2019), “Human resource development (HRD) practices and banking industry effectiveness: The mediating role of employee competencies”, European Journal of Training and Development, Vol. 43 Nos 3/4, pp. 250-271. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-07-2018-0068. ii. Otoo, F.N.K., Otoo, E.A., Abledu, G.K. and Bhardwaj, A. (2019), “Impact of human resource development (HRD) practices on pharmaceutical industry's performance: The mediating role of employee performance”, European Journal of Training and Development, Vol. 43 Nos 1/2, pp. 188-210. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-09-2018-0096. iii. Otoo, F.N.K. and Mishra, M. (2018), “Influence of human resource development (HRD) practices on hotel industry’s performance: The role of employee competencies”, European Journal of Training and Development, Vol. 42 No. 7/8, pp. 435-454. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-12-2017-0113. iv. Otoo, F.N.K. and Mishra, M. (2018), “Measuring the impact of human resource development (HRD) practices on employee performance in small and medium scale enterprises”, European Journal of Training and Development, Vol. 42 Nos 7/8, pp. 517-534. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-07-2017-0061. v. Otoo, F.N.K. (2019), “Human resource management (HRM) practices and organizational performance: The mediating role of employee competencies”, Employee Relations, Vol. 41 No. 5, pp. 949-970. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-02-2018-0053. The Employee Relations submission guidelines make it clear that articles must be original and must not infringe any existing copyright. The publishers of the journal sincerely apologise to the readers and the original authors of the above-mentioned works.