This study delves into the intricate relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and corporate performance (measured by earnings) in the context of Central European countries. The primary purpose is to rigorously analyse the impact of CSR practices on various dimensions of corporate performance in this region. Recognising CSR as a multifaceted concept extending beyond financial metrics, the research aims to uncover the extent to which socially responsible practices contribute to corporate success, and thus validate and graphically represent the relationship between CSR strategy and corporate performance, quantified by the level of earnings management. Employing the ESG score as a key metric for assessing CSR performance, the study integrates financial and accounting data from a comprehensive sample of publicly traded enterprises in Central Europe. Through correlation analyses, statistical tests, and correspondence analyses, the research seeks to elucidate patterns, associations, and sectoral nuances in the interplay between CSR initiatives and corporate performance. To make a profit and obtain a competitive edge in the market, businesses must respect the requirements of all stakeholders. The significance of corporate earnings was supported by the findings of the correlation analysis, which showed a relationship between the amount of corporate earnings and the CSR performance of Central European businesses as determined by the ESG score. Moreover, the results also reveal that the level of earnings management is strongly influenced by the ESG rating, which provides an assessment of the sustainability profile or attributes of a corporation or financial instrument, its exposure to sustainability risks, and its effects on the environment and society. This investigation not only contributes to the understanding of CSR dynamics in Central European contexts, but also provides valuable insights for businesses, policymakers, and stakeholders aiming to foster sustainable and socially responsible corporate practices.
Valaskova et al. (Sun,) studied this question.