Enhancing Sustainable Supply Chain Performance and Organizational Success: The Role of Environmental Uncertainty, Integration, and Transparency

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to examine the complex interrelationships between environmental uncertainty (EU), supply chain integration (SI), supply chain transparency (ST), sustainable supply chain performance (SSCP), and overall organizational performance (OP). A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from manufacturing firms in Punjab, Pakistan. Analysis techniques such as factor loadings, concept quality, convergent validity, and discriminant validity were evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM). Transaction Cost Economics and Agency Theory theoretically supported the research. The findings revealed that supply chain transparency has a significant positive impact on sustainable supply chain performance and SI. Furthermore, sustainable supply chain performance acts as a significant mediator between both supply chain transparency and supply chain integration and organizational performance, indicating partial mediation. Specifically, supply chain transparency and supply chain integration positively affect sustainable supply chain performance, which in turn positively impacts organizational performance. Additionally, environmental uncertainty was found to moderate the relationship between supply chain transparency and sustainable supply chain performance negatively and the relationship between supply chain integration and sustainable supply chain performance positively. This research offers new perspectives on prioritizing and assessing various sustainability factors by examining manufacturing sector‐specific possibilities and problems. By introducing environmental uncertainty as a moderator, this study extends the existing literature on sustainable supply chain management. It emphasizes the need for advanced performance measurements considering economic, social, and environmental dimensions.