Process-control systems are critical for mitigating operational risks in civil engineering projects, yet there is a paucity of longitudinal, comparative studies evaluating their methodological efficacy in developing economies. This study conducts a comparative methodological evaluation of prevalent process-control systems, aiming to quantify their relative effectiveness in reducing project risks within a national infrastructure programme. A comparative panel-data estimation study was employed, using a fixed-effects model: Risk₈ₓ = ᵢ + ₁ System₈ₓ + ₂ X₈ₓ + ₈ₓ, where ᵢ denotes project-specific effects. Inference is based on cluster-robust standard errors to account for heteroskedasticity and serial correlation. Integrated digital control systems were associated with a 22% greater reduction in recorded risk incidents compared to traditional manual protocols. The coefficient for digital systems was statistically significant at the 1% level, with a 95% confidence interval of 0. 15, 0. 29. The methodological rigour of integrated digital control systems substantively outperforms conventional methods for risk mitigation in the studied context, highlighting the importance of technological integration in project management. Project planners and regulatory bodies should prioritise the adoption and standardisation of digital process-control frameworks, supported by targeted training programmes to enhance technical capacity. process control, risk reduction, panel data, fixed effects, infrastructure, project management This paper provides the first longitudinal, quantitative comparison of process-control methodologies in the region, introducing a novel application of panel-data estimation to isolate their causal effect on engineering project risks.
Uwase et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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