What question did this study set out to answer?

To explore the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and thyroid dysfunction, estimating its prevalence and correlation with CKD severity.

March 14, 2026Open Access

Investigation of Thyroid Dysfunction in Individuals with Chronic Renal Disease Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in the GMC Ongole

Key Points

To explore the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and thyroid dysfunction, estimating its prevalence and correlation with CKD severity.
Conducted a case control study with 75 CKD patients and 75 matched healthy controls.
Measured serum thyroid hormone levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Analyzed findings for correlations between CKD stages and thyroid dysfunction prevalence.
Thyroid dysfunction occurred 80% more in CKD patients than controls.
Overt hypothyroidism was most common (42.66%), followed by Low T3 syndrome (21.33%).
Prevalence of overt hypothyroidism increased with CKD severity: 16.66% in stage III, 38.8% in stage IV, and 47.06% in stage V.
Significant reductions in serum T3 and T4 and increased TSH levels were observed in CKD cases (p<0.001).

Abstract

Abstract Background: Thyroid dysfunction is a commonly seen endocrine abnormality among CKD patients. CKD has been known to affect the pituitary-thyroid axis and peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones. This study was conducted to find out possible association of CKD and thyroid dysfunction and to estimate the occurrence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease and its correlation with severity of renal disease. Methods: A case control study was designed to study association of CKD cases and thyroid dysfunction. Total 75 CKD cases were recruited in case group and these cases were investigated, serum thyroid level measured by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay and their results were compared to a control group of 75 age/sex matched healthy subject. Results: Results of this study showed that majority of the cases were 30-59 years age group (48.21 +13.7).The male to female ratio incase group was 1.08:1 and in control group 1.02:1. Thyroid dysfunction was found to have80% more occurrences in CKD Patients as compared to normal healthy controls. Most common thyroid dysfunction observed was overt hypothyroidism (42.66%) followed by Low T3 syndrome (21.33%), subclinical hypothyroidism (13.33%) and hyperthyroidism (2.7%). With the increasing severity of CKD, overt hypothyroidism also increased i.e. from 16.66% in stage- III,38.8%instage-IVto47.06%inStage-V.There was significant reduction of serum T3 level(69.58± 38.28ng/dl), T4 level (6.07± 2.55µg/dl) and elevation of TSH level (7.42± 4.25µIU/ml) in cases as compared to controls (p<0.001). Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction (overt hypothyroidism) showed a significant and strong correlation with CKD cases and various stage of CKD. Thus timely identification and treatment of these thyroid abnormalities could alter the course of the disease and help in reducing morbidity of CKD patients.

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