What question did this study set out to answer?

The research aims to assess the susceptibility of uropathogenic bacteria to antibiotics in Romanian patients.

March 15, 2026Open Access

The Main Uropathogenic Bacteria Susceptibility to Conventional Antibiotics Among Romanian Patients From the Northern Mountainous Area of the Eastern Carpathians

Key Points

The research aims to assess the susceptibility of uropathogenic bacteria to antibiotics in Romanian patients.
Retrospective study analyzing 10,149 urine samples from Romanian patients
Identification of pathogenic bacteria in urine cultures
Assessment of antibiotic susceptibility patterns in key uropathogens
23.84% of urine cultures yielded pathogenic bacteria, predominantly E. coli (74.20%)
E. coli shows decreasing susceptibility to antibiotics, particularly Fluoroquinolones
Klebsiella sp. and Enterococcus sp. have notable susceptibility to Aminoglycosides and Ampicillin

Abstract

In recent years, the medical community has been grappling with a pressing issue: the rise ofantibiotic resistance in pathogenic microorganisms. This trend has made treating infectiousdiseases increasingly challenging, as the efficacy of many antibiotics has been compromised.This retrospective study examined 10,149 urine samples collected from Romanian patientsresiding in the northern mountainous area of the Eastern Carpathians in 2021-2022.Pathogenic bacteria were identified in 2420 (23.84%) urine cultures. Escherichia coli waspreponderant (74.20±2.35%), followed by Klebsiella sp. and Enterococcus sp (7.50±2.25% and6.55±3.20%), Proteus sp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus (2.42%, 2.18%,and 2.06%). The susceptibility of E. coli to antibiotics decreases in the order: Nitrofurantoin,Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin and Amikacin) and Cephalosporins gen III (Cefotaxime,Ceftriaxone), Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin), Fosfomycin, AmoxicillinProteus sp to Amoxicillin&Clavulanic acid and Cephalosporins and P. aeruginosa toPiperacillin&Tazobactam, Amikacin, Ceftazidime, and Imipenem. S. aureus was identified in afew urine bacterial cultures, so the study was performed on methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) andmethicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains.Our study's findings have significant applications in UTI treatment strategy. E. coli, the mostfrequent pathogen of urinary tract infections, can be effectively targeted with Fluoroquinolonesas the primary antibiotic therapy choice. This is particularly reassuring given the resistancelevels of E. coli to Fluoroquinolones, significantly below the national average of approximately29.1%. The second line-antibiotics, including Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, Amikacin), Betalactams (Amoxicillin&Clavulanic acid, Cephalosporins), and Nitrofurantoin, also revealed highinhibitory potential against E. coli and could be considered effective treatment options inurinary tract infections caused by this Gram-negative pathogen, offering hope for effectivetreatment strategies.

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