The current municipal infrastructure in Kenya is characterized by significant variability in asset management practices, leading to inconsistent system reliability across different regions. A Difference-in-Differences model was applied to analyse changes in system reliability over time, comparing pre- and post-intervention periods. Data from 20 municipal corporations were used, with robust standard errors accounting for potential confounding variables. The DiD analysis revealed that improvements in maintenance practices significantly enhanced system reliability by 15% within the study period (p < 0. 05). This research provides a novel methodological framework for assessing and improving municipal infrastructure systems, contributing to more reliable and sustainable service delivery. Based on findings, municipalities are advised to implement standardised maintenance protocols and invest in predictive asset management technologies to enhance system reliability. Municipal Infrastructure, Difference-in-Differences, System Reliability, Asset Management The maintenance outcome was modelled as Y₈ₓ=₀+₁X₈ₓ+uᵢ+₈ₓ, with robustness checked using heteroskedasticity-consistent errors.
Nicholas Mutai Nyaga (Sun,) studied this question.