Fertility and reproductive behavior of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

The article is dedicated to the study of reproductive behavior and reproductive plans of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the context of the declining birth rate, which is one of the key demographic problems in the region and the country as a whole. The dynamics of birth rates over the past decades are examined, and factors negatively affecting the population's reproductive potential are identified, such as economic difficulties, housing issues, unstable marital relationships, deteriorating health conditions, and insufficient medical infrastructure. The authors analyze sociological data collected through a representative survey of the population, determining the influence of respondents' socio-demographic characteristics on their reproductive attitudes and revealing contradictions between the desired and expected number of children in families. The article focuses on the negative consequences of demographic decline and proposes a range of measures aimed at supporting birth rates and strengthening families in the region. The study of reproductive behavior was conducted within the framework of a socio-demographic approach. The main research method was a sociological survey of respondents of reproductive age (women aged 18–45 and men aged 18–55) living in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). A deep analysis of the reproductive behavior of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was carried out, shedding light on the factors influencing low birth rates. The novelty of the study lies in its comprehensive approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods, analyzing regional features, and comparing data based on key socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. Key factors hindering birth rates were identified, including economic difficulties, housing problems, instability in marital relationships, and population health. To overcome the negative demographic trend, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive set of measures that include improving housing conditions, increasing the accessibility of medical care, state support for young families, and promoting healthy reproductive attitudes. Attention must be given to differentiated approaches for various socio-demographic groups, taking their characteristics and needs into account.