Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) has become a critical public health issue due to shared transmission routes and clinical complexity. Simultaneous infection accelerates liver disease progression and complicates therapeutic management, requiring integrated surveillance and care actions. This study aims to describe the epidemiological and sociodemographic profile of HIV/HBV coinfection cases notified in the state of Paraná. Cross-sectional, quantitative study using secondary data from SINAN. Confirmed HIV/HBV coinfection cases from 2018 to 2024 were included, assessing demographic, clinical, temporal, and regional data. Data were organized in Excel® and analyzed statistically using simple frequency cross-tabulations in SPSS® v22.0. CAAE no. 73429023.6.0000.5231. Among 382 notifications, most cases occurred in young adults (86.4%), men (76.2%), and urban residents (95%), predominantly in the Eastern macro-region (60.7%), especially the Curitiba Health Region (50%). During the pandemic (2020–2021), notifications decreased (24.9%) compared to the pre-pandemic period (2018–2019) (38.7%), possibly due to healthcare service reorganization for COVID-19 affecting surveillance. In the post-pandemic period (2022–2024), records returned to 36.4%, approaching previous levels. The predominant clinical form was chronic hepatitis (69.1%), with sexual transmission as the main route (45.5%). Hepatitis B vaccination coverage was low (53.7% unvaccinated). Additional risk factors included drug use (14.4%) and invasive procedures such as tattooing or piercing (12.3%). HIV/HBV coinfection in Paraná is linked to specific risk factors and mainly affects young adult men in urban areas, with chronic hepatitis and sexual transmission standing out. These findings highlight the need to strengthen combined prevention strategies, expand hepatitis B vaccination, ensure early screening, and promote comprehensive care, especially among populations more vulnerable to coinfection.
Paula et al. (Sun,) studied this question.