Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the character of modern warfare. While AI offers advantages such as improved precision, efficiency, decision-making, and civilian protection, it also raises concerns related to accountability, meaningful human control, escalation, misuse, and unintended consequences, particularly in asymmetric and complex environments. In response, the regulation of military AI has become an increasingly prominent issue on the international agenda. This paper examines current efforts to regulate the military use of AI at the global, regional, and national levels, with particular attention to recent initiatives within the United Nations (UN), the positions of international actors, and emerging approaches within the European Union (EU), NATO, and individual states. A central theme across these efforts is the debate on lethal autonomous weapons systems (LAWS), which reflects broader divisions over the role of autonomy in the use of force and the application of international humanitarian law. Despite notable progress, no binding international instrument dedicated explicitly to regulating military AI currently exists. The regulatory landscape, therefore, remains fragmented and shaped by differing national priorities, technological capabilities, and legal interpretations, indicating that future governance will continue to evolve amid ongoing discussions and competing interests.
Vanja Rokvić (Thu,) studied this question.