What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to establish baryon and lepton number conservation as exact topological theorems within the Unified Foam Field Theory.

March 19, 2026Open Access

Baryon and Lepton Number Conservation as Topological Theorems in the Unified Foam Field Theory

Key Points

The aim is to establish baryon and lepton number conservation as exact topological theorems within the Unified Foam Field Theory.
Utilized a framework of Unified Foam Field Theory to analyze baryons and leptons as topological defects.
Investigated the implications of homotopy groups and torsion winding numbers for conservation laws.
Compared predictions with experimental limits from studies such as Super-Kamiokande and KamLAND-Zen.
Proton is predicted to be absolutely stable with an infinite lifetime.
Neutrinoless double beta decay is forbidden under this theory, as neutrinos are Dirac particles.
Predictions regarding baryon decay rates align with current experimental limits, contradicting SU(5) GUT models.

Abstract

In the Unified Foam Field Theory, baryons and leptons are topological defects of the BCC foam with integer torsion winding numbers. The homotopy group π₁ (T₂g vacuum) =ℤ makes baryon number B and lepton number L each independently conserved as topological invariants — exact theorems, not accidental symmetries. Consequences: the proton is absolutely stable (τₚroton=∞), neutrinoless double beta decay is forbidden (neutrinos are Dirac, not Majorana), and sphaleron baryogenesis cannot occur. All current experimental limits (τₚ > 1. 6×10³⁴ yr from Super-Kamiokande; null 0νββ from KamLAND-Zen, GERDA) are confirmed predictions. These results distinguish UFFT sharply from SU (5) GUT models which predict proton decay.

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Luke Alexander Martin

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Baryon and Lepton Number Conservation as Topological Theorems in the Unified Foam Field Theory

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