Abstract Robust monitoring techniques are important for ensuring safe and effective CO2 storage in deep geological formations. Time-lapse gravity is a cost-effective and noninvasive tool to detect subsurface mass changes caused by CO2 injection, track CO2 plume dynamics, identify potential leakage pathways, and validate reservoir models, making it a valuable component of measurement, monitoring, and verification (MMV) plans for carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. We introduce a workflow that integrates reservoir simulation with high-resolution gravity modeling to assist in CO2 storage planning, applying it for synthetic offshore aquifer storage site. The integrated workflow helps investigate the impact of various injection strategies and reservoir uncertainties on gravity anomalies. We emphasize the need for comprehensive feasibility analysis when applying gravity monitoring to real-life CCS projects, considering reservoir depth, in-situ reservoir properties, and injection strategies to develop robust multiphysics monitoring plans.
Luca et al. (Wed,) studied this question.