This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method based on response surface methodology and genetic algorithm to address the electromagnetic noise issue in external rotor permanent magnet synchronous motors. Theoretical analysis and 2D finite element simulation of electromagnetic force were conducted to identify the main orders of electromagnetic force; subsequently, through motor load and no-load tests, it was determined that the 6th-order radial electromagnetic force is the primary source of electromagnetic noise. Taking the 6th-order radial electromagnetic force, average torque, and torque ripple as optimization objectives, three key structural parameters were selected from eight optimization variables to construct a response surface model. The structural parameter optimization scheme for the motor was then obtained using a genetic algorithm. Finally, the optimization scheme obtained by the response surface method was validated under motor load conditions using two-dimensional finite element simulation; simulation results indicate that, compared to the original design, the optimized motor, exhibits a reduction in torque ripple by 65%, with the harmonic content of the radial air-gap flux density at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th orders decreasing by 8.7%, 6.4%, 12.5%, and 10.7%, respectively, and the 6th-order radial electromagnetic force reduced by 16.4%. Based on experimental identification of the dominant noise source, this reduction is expected to effectively suppress electromagnetic noise, which will be validated on a prototype in future work.
Li et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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