Role of Artificial Intelligence in Infectious Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Comprehensive Review on Diagnostic, Treatment, and Prevention Aspects

Artificial intelligence (AI) plays a significant role in managing infectious diseases by enhancing diagnosis, treatment, and preventive measures. AI-assisted tools have predictive analysis ability for incoming outbreaks, including the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AI-assisted tools facilitate the treatment methods by tailoring personalized medicine according to the specific disease history of the patient, immune response, and genetics. Advanced vaccine development by various AI-assisted in silico tools is becoming easy, leading to faster vaccine discovery and more efficient vaccine design with a more immunogenic response. Despite huge benefits, a few limitations are also encountered, including biases in algorithms, data privacy, and ethical considerations. This review provides a thorough review of the existing uses of AI and Machine Learning in diagnosing, treating, and preventing infectious diseases, with particular focus on approaches for detecting, monitoring, and containing AMR.