Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Momordica charantia and Chamaecostus cuspidatus Leaf Extracts: Physicochemical and In Silico Antidiabetic Target Interaction

ABSTRACT Silver (Ag) nanoparticles were synthesized by using greens technique, an extract of fresh Momordica charantia (MC) leaves combined with Chamaecostus cuspidatus (CC). The aqueous media containing silver nanoparticles had an absorption peak at about 284 nm in the UV–vis spectrum. The particles' crystalline nature and face‐centered cubic (fcc) structure were revealed by the XRD analysis. The silver nanoparticles were generated by biomolecule molecules, as demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectra. During phytochemical screening examination, several bioactive compounds with potential medical applications were discovered in the plant extract. In accordance with FESEM measurements, the surface morphology of silver nanoparticles was spherical and uniform in shape. EDAX experiments are used to determine the presence of elements and the quantitative information of the produced Ag NPs. Based on retention time, molecular weight, and mass spectrum fragmentation patterns, LCMS analysis identified 12 major components in the MC and CC leaf extract. The current study investigated the cytotoxicity and anti‐diabetic potential of a combinational formulation using the MTT assay in MIN6 mouse pancreatic beta‐cell lines. In diabetes mellitus, potential inhibitors of intestinal α‐glucosidase and pancreatic α‐amylase are identified using molecular docking analysis. Ag NPs' potential anti‐diabetic action is utilized in anti‐diabetic products that contain silver.