This paper investigates the effects of various suspension and steering system modifications on reducing understeer gradient in a front-wheel-drive (FWD) passenger car. The modifications tested include changes to tyre pressure, rear spring stiffness, steering geometry, and lower control arm (LCA) bushings. Dynamic handling trials on the vehicle were conducted to assess the impact of these modifications. Results show that certain modifications led to substantial reductions in understeer and can bring the undesired high understeer within required limits, while others had no measurable effect. The overall aim was to optimise vehicle handling, improve cornering performance, and enhance driver control.
Parate et al. (Thu,) studied this question.