Temporal Trends in Alzheimer's Disease Prevalence Across Latin America (2000–2023): A Multi-Country Longitudinal Analysis

Background: Latin America is experiencing one of the fastest-aging demographic transitions globally. The temporal dynamics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) burden across this region from 2000 to 2023 remain poorly characterized at the multi-country level. Objective: To analyze temporal trends in AD prevalence, case counts, and compound annual growth rates (CAGR) across eight Latin American countries from 2000 to 2023, identifying periods of accelerated burden and country-level divergence. Methods: Longitudinal analysis of the Alzheimer's Disease Evolution in Latin America dataset (DOI: 10.7910/DVN/UVHABW), a harmonized open-access dataset compiled from ADI reports, IMSERSO publications, and peer-reviewed epidemiological studies. Temporal trends were analyzed using compound annual growth rates (CAGR) calculated for five-year intervals between 2000 and 2023. Countries analyzed: Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Peru, Mexico, Venezuela, and Ecuador. Results: Regional AD case counts increased from approximately 1.8 million in 2000 to an estimated 3.5 million in 2023, representing a CAGR of approximately 2.9% per year. The period 2010-2020 showed the highest growth rate, driven primarily by accelerated aging in Brazil and Mexico. Argentina and Chile showed the highest age-standardized prevalence rates throughout the study period, while Venezuela showed the most pronounced divergence from regional trends after 2013, associated with healthcare system disruption. Conclusions: Alzheimer's disease burden in Latin America has grown consistently over the 2000-2023 period, with evidence of accelerating trends in the 2010s and emerging cross-national divergence.