Children/Adolescents’ and Their Family Caregivers’ Experiences of Using Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Therapy to Manage Type 1 Diabetes: Qualitative Study

Background: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy aims to enhance diabetes control and management. This study explored the experiences of children/adolescents using CSII therapy and their caregivers. Methodology: A mixed-method study was conducted using a basic qualitative descriptive design alongside quantitative methodology. The study involved four children/adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus undergoing CSII therapy, as well as four family caregivers. Clinical data, including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), time in range (TIR) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), were collected at baseline and 12 months after CSII therapy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore reasons for transitioning to CSII, its impact on diabetes management, its benefits, received support/training, difficulties/challenges in use, and confidence in the technology, with the data analyzed using content analysis. Results: HbA1c levels decreased, and TIR improved after 12 months of CSII compared to baseline. All participants had DKA in the year before therapy, but none experienced it during the 12 months of its use. The primary reason for switching to CSII was improved glycemic control, with flexibility and quality of life being secondary factors. Caregivers and children/adolescents viewed CSII therapy positively, citing its effectiveness in improving diabetes management, fostering independence of children/adolescents in managing their diabetes, and enhancing flexibility in outings and meals. Initial challenges with pump operation were temporary, with caregivers appreciating training and support from the manufacturer. Conclusions: Results suggest that participants perceived CSII positively, regarding improvements in diabetes management, sleep quality, and lifestyle flexibility.