Enhancing Camel Parasite Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review

AbstractCamels are remarkably well-suited to life in arid and semi-arid environments, often inhabited by farmers with limited resources. However, these camels are susceptible to various parasites, some of which pose risks to both animal and human health. Compared to other livestock, the identification of camel parasites remains relatively basic, hindered by a lack of advanced diagnostic methods. This has negatively impacted camel health and productivity, endangering camels, those who handle them, and humans more broadly. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of existing and emerging diagnostic techniques for identifying camel parasites. It covers commonly used methods such as microscopy, serology, and molecular techniques. Additionally, the review will delve into promising advancements in rapid and reliable technologies, including LAMP assays and Luminex X-MAP technology. Finally, it will touch upon cutting-edge bioinformatics tools, RNA interference, and CRISPR technology, highlighting their potential for scalable diagnosis of camel parasitic diseases.