Abstract South Africa faces increasing pressure to modernize its infrastructure systems in response to climate change, rapid urbanisation, service delivery backlogs, and persistent socio-spatial inequalities. Sustainable infrastructure has therefore emerged as a strategic priority for improving environmental resilience, economic efficiency, and social inclusion. This study presents a systematic review of academic literature, policy documents, and institutional reports published between 2015 and 2025 to identify innovative practices shaping sustainable infrastructure development in South Africa. The review focuses on four dominant themes: green infrastructure, smart city technologies, the Integrated Urban Development Framework (IUDF), and community-centric development approaches. Findings indicate that nature-based solutions, digital technologies, integrated urban policy frameworks, and participatory planning mechanisms are increasingly being adopted to enhance infrastructure performance and resilience. These innovations contribute to climate adaptation, resource efficiency, improved service delivery, and inclusive urban development. However, their implementation remains uneven due to institutional fragmentation, limited municipal capacity, financial constraints, governance challenges, and persistent spatial inequalities. The study concludes that strengthening intergovernmental coordination, expanding technical skills, developing innovative financing mechanisms, and institutionalising community participation are critical for scaling sustainable infrastructure innovation in South Africa. The review provides a comprehensive synthesis to inform policymakers, practitioners, and researchers seeking to advance resilient and inclusive infrastructure systems.
NKOSI et al. (Fri,) studied this question.