Throughout the long history of human development, a large number of activity relics have been left on the earth, among which settlements are important carriers for studying human construction activities. In the era without modern active environmental control technology, humans used their experience to create the miracle of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. Especially in the construction of settlements under complex environmental stress, it is the crystallization of human wisdom. For China, the settlements of ethnic minorities, due to their unique culture and harsh living environment, are undoubtedly key objects for studying the wisdom of human settlement construction. Therefore, this study takes the Tujia rural settlements in the mountainous environment of northeastern Sichuan as the research object and uses the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS to construct a complete “culture-space” environmental adaptation wisdom research system. The research results show that there is a close relationship between the cultural wisdom and spatial construction wisdom of the Tujia people in northeastern Sichuan. Cultural wisdom plays a key role in guiding settlements to adapt to terrain, water resources, and climate, etc., thus presenting a highly coordinated mechanism between the overall distribution of Tujia rural settlements in northeastern Sichuan and the construction of settlement space and the environment. The “culture-space” environmental adaptation research framework proposed in this study can provide a reference for the study of rural settlement space worldwide, and the clear settlement environmental adaptation strategies in the research can provide guidance for the construction of modern mountainous town spaces.
Gui et al. (Fri,) studied this question.