What question did this study set out to answer?

Investigate ultracompact objects as a third endpoint in stellar evolution and their stability under certain conditions.

April 3, 2026Open Access

Partial Collapse in CCEGA: Ultracompact Objects as a Third Endpoint of Stellar Evolution

Key Points

Investigate ultracompact objects as a third endpoint in stellar evolution and their stability under certain conditions.
Utilized CCEGA framework to predict stellar evolution endpoints
Analyzed mass ranges of ultracompact objects
Identified candidates from gravitational wave observations
Ultracompact objects were found to exist in a mass range of 2.33–9.20 M☉
These objects do not have an event horizon and remain in metastable equilibrium
GW190814 (2.59 M☉) and GW230529 (2.5–4.5 M☉) identified as potential ultracompact candidates

Abstract

CCEGA predicts a third endpoint of stellar evolution beyond neutron stars and black holes: ultracompact objects in partial collapse stabilized by Gₑff (ρ) = GN·exp (−ρ/ρc) suppression. Mass range 2. 33–9. 20 M☉ (P36), no event horizon, matter at ρc in metastable equilibrium with lifetime >> tHubble. Equilibrium mechanism derived from Gₑff brake. A 3. 5 M☉ compact object without EM counterpart would be direct detection. GW190814 (2. 59 M☉) and GW230529 (2. 5–4. 5 M☉) are natural candidates. CCEGA Program Paper 40.

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Marc López Sánchez

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Partial Collapse in CCEGA: Ultracompact Objects as a Third Endpoint of Stellar Evolution

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Abstract

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