This paper investigates a selection of unpublished garden pavilions in Germany dating to the 18th and 19th centuries using an analytical and comparative approach. While Germany’s architectural heritage has been widely studied, certain historic structures—particularly garden pavilions and kiosks—remain under-documented and under-researched. These architectural elements reflect a unique blend of stylistic and structural evolution, often influenced by Islamic and other international artistic traditions. The study highlights the architectural diversity and contextual significance of these overlooked structures, emphasizing distinctive features in form, ornamentation, and spatial arrangement. Employing descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods, the research examines the physical characteristics, historical contexts, and architectural details of these pavilions. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on heritage architecture, supporting future preservation efforts and enhancing scholarly understanding of cross-cultural influences in European garden architecture
Ahmed Ibrahim El-Sayed (Fri,) studied this question.