Impact of health, drugs and genetics on dental implant success: a scoping review of recent literature

INTRODUCTION In current practice, dental implants are indispensable for oral rehabilitation. Knowledge of the impact of medical diseases, the mechanism of action of drugs, consequences of lifestyle habits and the role of genetic mutations is essential to ensure quality healthcare. This review explores the findings of the recent literature to help clinicians reduce the risk of dental implant failure. METHODS A literature search was undertaken using the PubMed®, Embase®, CINAHL® (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and Google Scholar™ databases. Studies published between 1 January 2020 and 1 September 2025 that described dental implant survival as well as health and genetic risk factors, medications that pose a risk and lifestyle risk factors were included. RESULTS A total of 51 articles were included in the final scoping review. Immunological dysregulation, genetic susceptibility, medication-related factors and smoking significantly influence dental implant outcomes. Implant survival remains comparable with healthy individuals when systemic and local conditions are well controlled. CONCLUSIONS Personalised treatment planning, integration of genetic profiling, risk assessment in irradiated or medicated patients and smoking cessation increase the chances of implant success and improve long-term rehabilitation outcomes.