We derive non-Abelian gauge dynamics and confinement from a discrete spacetime model based on a bipartite tetrahedral network within the Granular Entropic Physics (GEP) framework. Link orientations define SU (2) gauge variables and fermions emerge as Möbius topological defects. Starting from Wilson's lattice action with coupling g² = 1/κ, where κ is the network stiffness, we derive the Yang–Mills action in the continuum limit. The effective potential between static fermionic defects is computed via rectangular Wilson loops: in the weak-coupling regime a Coulomb potential V (r) = −3/ (16πκr) is recovered; in the strong-coupling regime the area law gives linear confinement V (r) = σr with string tension σₚhys = (1/a²) ln (1/κ). Confinement is interpreted geometrically as the energetic cost of topological frustration in link orientations — a flux tube of non-trivial holonomy. The isotropy of the tetrahedral network, confirmed by Tᵃb = 4δᵃb, ensures recovery of the standard propagator in the infrared limit. This establishes a direct geometric origin of Yang–Mills dynamics and suggests that gauge interactions may not be fundamental but emerge from microscopic network structure.
Štěpán Sekanina (Tue,) studied this question.