Derivation of the Real Coefficient of the Mass-Energy Equation

In the research system of cosmic physics, mass-energy conversion is the core law that interprets the essential relationship between matter and energy. The mass-energy equation E=mc² proposed by Einstein has laid the foundation for humans to understand this law. However, due to the limitations of cognitive level and research perspective in his era, it failed to reach the physical essence of mass-energy conversion. Combined with modern experimental data and research on the underlying laws of cosmic physics, through precise measurement of microscopic particles such as electrons, protons and neutrons, we derive the real coefficient of mass-energy conversion, redefine the mass-energy equation and energy-mass equation, clarify the true meaning of the speed of light in the mass-energy relationship, and consolidate the core viewpoint that mass and energy share the same origin, interconvert and coexist cyclically from both experimental and theoretical aspects.