New Theory of Black Holes and Galactic Cycle

This paper proposes a new theory of black holes and galactic cycle, breaking through the traditional views of gravity trapping light and singularity. It clarifies that ordinary black holes are evolved from neutron stars, and supermassive black holes are high-energy photon soup at the core of galactic vortices. The darkness of black holes is caused by no visible light emission or conversion of visible light into high-energy invisible light. Gravity only binds matter with rest mass, not photons and energy. Black holes release energy through bipolar jets, which eventually condense into new nebulae and stars, forming a complete galactic cycle and cosmic mass-energy circulation. This theory is self-consistent, in line with observations, and corrects contradictions in traditional black hole models.