Relational Continuum Ontology and the Interpretation of Cosmological Origins: A Clarification of the Big Bang Framework

Relational Continuum Ontology and the Interpretation of Cosmological Origins: A Clarification of the Big Bang Framework This paper presents a philosophical clarification of the Big Bang theory from the perspective of Relational Continuum Ontology (RCO). While the Big Bang model remains one of the most empirically successful frameworks in modern cosmology, its ontological interpretation—particularly regarding the nature of the initial singularity, the emergence of spacetime, and the origin of physical laws—continues to raise unresolved conceptual questions. The analysis does not challenge the empirical validity of the Big Bang framework. Instead, it examines the limits of its standard interpretation and identifies a series of ontological ambiguities that arise when physical description is extended to its conceptual boundaries. Particular attention is given to the status of “infinite density,” the problem of describing the emergence of spacetime, the absence of a temporal “before,” the origin of physical laws, and the scale-dependent character of cosmic expansion. From the perspective of Relational Continuum Ontology, these difficulties are interpreted as indications of a deeper ontological structure underlying cosmological models. RCO proposes that existence is not derived from absolute Nothing, but is ontologically continuous and characterized by an intrinsic generative capacity. Within this framework, the Big Bang is reinterpreted not as the origin of existence, but as a transition in relational organization within a continuous relational substrate. Physical laws are understood as emergent expressions of stable relational configurations, while large-scale cosmological evolution reflects the progressive stabilization of relational structures across different regimes. The apparent breakdown of physical description at the singularity is therefore interpreted as a limit of the descriptive framework rather than as evidence of an ontological boundary. By situating the Big Bang within a broader relational ontology, this paper preserves its empirical success while providing a more coherent account of its ontological implications. The result is a reinterpretation of cosmological origin as transformation rather than absolute beginning, opening new perspectives on the relationship between physics, cosmology, and foundational ontology.