Ultrasonographic, Hormonal and Molecular Insights into Canine Cystic Endometrial HyperplasiaPyometra Complex

Pyometra is a common and potentially life-threatening uterine disorder in intact bitches, characterised by cystic endometrial hyperplasia, bacterial infection, and systemic inflammatory responses. The present study evaluated ultrasonographic, hormonal, and molecular changes in pyometra-affected bitches in comparison with clinically healthy dioestrus controls. Twelve intact bitches comprising six healthy dioestrus controls (Group I) and six confirmed CEHpyometra cases (Group II). Serum progesterone concentration were significantly lower in pyometra cases (24.12 5.27 ngmL ) compared to normal dioestrus bitches ( 2.65 0.79 ngmL). Ultrasonographic examination demonstrated a marked increase in uterine horn diameter (12.40 1.70 vs. 20.65 4.60 mm) and wall thickness (1.70 0.42 vs. 3.31 0.28 mm), while Doppler imaging revealed reduced resistive index (0.79 0.02 vs. 0.57 0.02) and pulsatility index (2.82 0.26 vs 1.63 0.17). Molecular analysis by qRT-PCR revealed a six-fold increase (p