Gene Therapy as a Novel Strategy for Alzheimer’s Disease: Efficacy andLong-Term Implications

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a significant healthcare challenge, requiring innovative treatment strategies. This review examines gene therapy as a promising approach for targeting fundamental biological pathways involved in the development and progression of AD. Focusing on the genetic and molecular underpinnings of the disease, the paper highlights pathological indicators such as beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. It explores the rationale for gene therapy, emphasizing the manipulation of genes implicated in amyloid processing, tau protein regulation, and neuroinflammation. The analysis critically evaluates the effectiveness of various gene therapy interventions in mitigating cognitive decline, reducing neurodegeneration, and altering disease progression. Furthermore, the long-term safety profiles and potential adverse effects associated with gene therapies are discussed, including immune responses and therapeutic limitations. The conclusion synthesizes current findings, identifies research gaps, and proposes future directions for the advancement of gene therapy as a viable and sustainable strategy for treating Alzheimer's disease.