Introduction: Sandwich generation caregivers, simultaneously responsible for aging parents and children, face a culturally shaped and complex caregiving process. Despite their growing number, little is known about this phenomenon in Iran. This study explored the caregiving process among sandwich generation caregivers. Methods: A qualitative grounded theory study was conducted in Tehran (2021–2022) with 18 female caregivers recruited through purposive and theoretical sampling. Data were collected via semistructured interviews and field notes and analyzed using Corbin and Strauss’s (2015) approach with MAXQDA 2020. Results: Analysis revealed 16 main categories, highlighting challenges, such as cumulative caregiving burden, intergenerational conflicts, neglect of self and children, alongside growth-related outcomes like resilience and caregiving expertise. “Sacrifice” emerged as the core concept shaping caregivers’ strategies and outcomes. Conclusion: Multigenerational caregiving disrupts family balance yet also fosters adaptation and growth. Recognizing the central role of sacrifice can inform policies and interventions tailored to the needs of sandwich generation caregivers.
Pashazade et al. (Tue,) studied this question.