This study investigates the induced-charge electro-osmotic flow generated by an eccentric cylindrical electrode within a rotating (ROT) electric field. Using a bipolar coordinate system, we derive an analytical solution for the induced zeta potential and slip velocity on the electrode surface under the excitation of a ROT electric field, with theoretical predictions rigorously validated by numerical simulations. Analysis reveals that geometric eccentricity fundamentally breaks the flow symmetry, inducing a novel asymmetric nested vortex structure and resulting in a non-monotonic dependence of the peak flow velocity on the offset distance. While increasing the electric field amplitude or electrode size enhances the flow intensity, higher excitation frequencies induce flow attenuation due to incomplete double-layer relaxation. Furthermore, by integrating an alternating current flow field-effect transistor, dynamic flow reconfiguration was achieved: the amplitude of the gate voltage linearly scales the flow velocity, while its initial phase provides a distinct control dimension, transforming classical symmetric quadrupolar vortices into tunable asymmetric modes via constructive and destructive potential interference. This work provides a quantitative analytical framework for active, programable flow reconfiguration. By coupling geometric asymmetry with dynamic electric field modulation, it enables precise, on-demand fluid manipulation in advanced microfluidic devices.
Yu et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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