优化护理模式对肾内科血液透析患者动静脉内瘘并发症的预防效果研究（A Study on the Preventive Effect of Optimized Nursing Model on Complications of Arteriovenous Fistula in Hemodialysis Patients in Nephrology Department）

Abstract：Objective：To study the preventive effect of optimizing the nursing model on complications of arteriovenous fistulas in patients undergoing hemodialysis in the nephrology department. Methods： Sixty patients with autologous arteriovenous fistulas who visited our nephrology department and underwent hemodialysis in the hemodialysis center from July 2024 to June 2025 were selected. One group received the conventional nursing model and traditional puncture（the control group，30 cases），while the other group received optimized nursing model intervention and applied the arteriovenous fistula mapping puncture scheme （the observation group，30 cases）. The incidence of complications in the two groups was statistically compared. Results： The complication rate in the observation group was 10.00%，compared with 33.33% in the control group，the results showed that the nursing intervention effect of the observation group was more obvious，and the difference between the groups was significant （P < 0.05），which was statistically significant. Conclusion： Implementing the optimized nursing model in the nursing of arteriovenous fistulas in patients undergoing hemodialysis in the nephrology department and applying the arteriovenous fistula planned puncture map can effectively reduce puncture-related complications，and it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.