Philosophy of International Law: Specific Aspects of Political and Legal Theories

Particular attention in this work is devoted to the philosophy of international law. The author points out that in light of contemporary conditions, new challenges, threats, and risks, the changing world order, and the formation of a new multipolar world, new modern international relations are being established, which impose new demands on contemporary international law and its scientific understanding. Specifically, these factors include the emergence of new inter-state and intra-state conflicts, the ongoing manifestations of the financial crisis, the development of new information technologies and their destructive impact, the aforementioned processes of globalization, and the opposing trends aimed at protecting national identity in legal, political, economic, and cultural spheres. In this regard, the relevance of this topic is determined by the significance of the philosophy of international law for legal doctrine. This study is based on the provisions and principles of a dialectical approach, general scientific and specialized research methods in the field of socio-humanitarian sciences, as well as specific techniques and methods for studying the history of legal and political thought. The use of structural analysis methods has allowed for the identification of key issues in the philosophy of international law. The author concludes that contemporary philosophy of international law is a well-established interdisciplinary science in domestic scholarship, which has developed in an interdisciplinary space due to the growing awareness of the specificity of the subject field of international law. Today, the main task of the philosophy of international law is to ensure dialogue and to construct a new framework for international instruments for the prevention and resolution of disputes, to develop common methodological principles applicable to the analysis of various international phenomena and legal systems, as well as to form common views in the field of international law, issues regarding the nature of the cognition of legal reality, and the potential possibilities of law. At the same time, the metaphysical nature of relationships contributes to the development of international law as a science and a branch of law within the domestic legal system, possessing a philosophical form of theoretical international legal consciousness, since it encompasses legal, economic, and political views, as well as ideas and principles of international morality, which have philosophical foundations.