The fine-structure constant is usually regarded as a static fundamental parameter. Two recent independent experimental studies 4,5 have examined this notion from different perspectives. Building on this, we take a quantum sensing approach and treat a Rydberg EIT‑AT system as a nonlinear detector to probe possible high‑frequency statistical fluctuations of . We establish a theoretical framework that includes atom‑light nonlinear response and analyze how high‑order statistical features of squeezed light are converted into observable variance of frequency readings via the nonlinear response. Based on this framework, we propose a testable experimental prediction: there exists a squeezing parameter threshold such that, for and with the system operating in the regime, the frequency variance after subtracting shot noise under squeezed light exceeds that under coherent light. This prediction does not depend on the specific microscopic model of fluctuations, but assumes a macroscopic correlation length for (as a working hypothesis). It should be noted that the current estimate shows the required squeezing parameter lies beyond the present experimental capability (); thus the core positioning of this work is to propose a future detection direction and specify its technical requirements, rather than a near‑term realizable scheme. Notably, the recent experiment by Chao, You et al. 4 provides independent experimental evidence for the tunability of the key nonlinear parameter of this work. This paper aims to offer a possible theoretical reference framework for detecting high‑frequency fluctuations of fundamental constants. Keywords: fine‑structure constant; squeezed light; Rydberg atoms; non‑Gaussian fluctuations; quantum sensing; phenomenological model 摘要 精细结构常数 通常被视为一个静态的基本参数。近期两项独立的实验研究4,5从不同角度对这一观念提出了审视。本文在此基础上,从量子传感的角度出发,将里德堡 EIT‑AT 系统视为一个非线性探测器,用以探测 可能存在的高频统计涨落。我们建立了一个包含原子‑光场非线性响应的理论框架,分析了压缩态光的高阶统计特征如何通过非线性响应转换为频率读数的可观测方差。基于该框架,我们提出一个可检验的实验预言:存在某个压缩参数阈值 ,使得当 且系统工作于 的参数区域时,压缩态光下扣除散粒噪声后的频率方差大于相干光下扣除散粒噪声后的频率方差。这一预言不依赖于 涨落的具体微观模型,但要求 涨落具有宏观关联长度(作为工作假设)。需要明确的是,当前估算显示实现该预言所需的压缩参数 超出已有实验能力(),因此本文的核心定位是提出一个未来探测方向并明确其技术指标,而非近期可实现的实验方案。值得注意的是,近期 Chao、You 等人的实验4为本文关键非线性参数的可调控性提供了独立的实验侧佐证。本文旨在为基本常数的高频涨落探测提供一种可能的理论参考框架。 关键词: 精细结构常数;压缩态光;里德堡原子;非高斯涨落;量子传感;唯象模型
zhengda li (Wed,) studied this question.