Artificial intelligence and machine learning applications in electric vehicles: A comprehensive review of recent advances and emerging trends

Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly becoming a more sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation source than conventional gasoline-fueled vehicles. The development of EV technology is progressing at a very fast rate because of the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). AI and ML technologies are essential for enhancing the functionality of EVs, thus improving their efficiency and sustainability. The world market for AI in the automotive sector is predicted to reach 10. 73 billion by 2025 and is likely to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 37. 6% from 2020 to 2025. According to Mordor Intelligence’s predictions for 2021–2030, autonomous vehicle technology will increase at a rate of 22. 67% annually during this period. AI and ML play a significant role in making autonomous transportation possible with EVs. AI and ML technologies are being used to enhance every component of EV technology, from battery management to predictive maintenance and autonomous driving. These challenges are attracting research and development in the direction of AI and ML technologies in the automotive sector. This review article presents recent advances and emerging trends of AI and ML in EV transportation fields. It also discusses the challenges—such as energy management, battery management, fleet management, and economical issues—and their solutions based on AI and ML technologies.