Comparative Study on Student Engagement in Traditional Classrooms and Online Learning Environments

The rapid adoption of digital technologies has transformed teaching–learning practices, making it essential to examine student engagement across different learning modes. This study presents a comparative analysis of student engagement in traditional classrooms and online learning environments. Data were collected from 100 students using a structured questionnaire measuring engagement dimensions such as participation, interaction, motivation, concentration, and flexibility. Descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation, along with inferential tools such as the independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA, were used for analysis. The findings reveal that traditional classroom learning demonstrates significantly higher student engagement compared to online learning, particularly in terms of interaction, immediate feedback, and sustained attention. However, online learning is valued for its flexibility, self-paced learning, and effective use of technology-enhanced tools. The study highlights the strengths and limitations of both learning modes and suggests that a blended learning approach may provide an optimal solution for enhancing student engagement. The results offer valuable insights for educators, institutions, and policymakers in designing effective and learner-cantered instructional strategies.