In recent years, the integration of photochemistry, electrochemistry, and enzyme catalysis has brought revolutionary advances to the field of organic synthesis. This multicatalytic synergistic strategy not only significantly enhances reaction efficiency and selectivity but also demonstrates great potential in green synthesis, chiral construction, carbon–carbon/carbon–heteroatom bond formation, and the synthesis of complex molecules. This review systematically summarizes the applications of three multicatalytic systems—photo‐enzymatic catalysis, electro‐enzymatic catalysis, and photo‐electro‐enzymatic catalysis—in organic synthesis, and discusses the mechanistic features, advantages, and challenges of each system. Finally, the future development directions in the field are outlined, including catalyst design, system optimization, mechanistic studies, and industrial applications, to further advance this green synthetic strategy.
Wu et al. (Thu,) studied this question.