In traditional theory, electrons and protons differ in mass by a factor of 1836 but exhibit identical electromagnetic force intensities. This contradiction is attributed to the assumption that "charge is an intrinsic property independent of mass," yet the physical origin of charge remains unexplained. Based on the framework of the Unified Cosmic Mechanics Evolution Theory and combined with new inferences, this paper proposes that charge and color charge are not intrinsic properties of particles, but may be manifestations of fixed-proportion momentum units emerging from the combined effects of momentum conservation constraints and geometric encapsulation, with no direct proportional relationship to mass. The core mechanism is speculated to be the particle's effective momentum flow—a geometric compression factor multiplied by the particle's spacetime shaping capability—which may eventually take a constant value under the constraint of momentum conservation. This could be the fundamental reason for the equal electromagnetic forces of electrons and protons. This paper further explores the geometric factors related to electromagnetic force, formula derivation, celestial energy conversion, and the underlying logic of angular momentum conservation, attempts to clarify the essence of the mass-energy equation, and provides a new theoretical reference path for the unification of electromagnetic force and gravity. It should be noted that the complete unification mechanism of the four fundamental forces still requires reconstructing the standard model based on this framework, which is highly technically challenging and can be further improved and supplemented by relevant colleagues in the future.
bo xiao (Fri,) studied this question.