AI-Powered Personalized Learning and Educational Equity: Opportunities and Ethical Challenges

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a changing concept in the education sector, especially with the development of personalized systems of learning that adjust to the needs of individual learners (Holmes et al., 2019; Bhimdiwala et al., 2021). Such systems provide substantial possibilities of equity in education by eliminating the achievement gap and making them more accessible to various populations (Rasool et al., 2025; Preprints.org, 2026). Nevertheless, these opportunities also include such significant ethical issues as algorithmic prejudice, data security, transparency, and even the strengthening of the existing disparities (Air University, 2025; UNESCO, 2019). AI-enhanced learning systems are to be designed with special care and managed to guarantee inclusivity and equity. The paper will concentrate on the chances of AI individualized learning to foster equity and ethical hazards of the technology. Using descriptive and analytical tools to use the secondary sources of information (research journal articles, reports, books, and systematic reviews), the study elicits the key advantages, risks, and methods of applying ethics in the educational setting. As a more moderate position, it points out that although the potential of AI in personalized learning is unbelievable, it needs to be introduced in a responsible manner by applying ethical principles to prevent inequalities and protecting the rights of learners.