Industry 5.0 and its role in advancing ESG and SDG principles: a systematic literature review

Even though Industry 4.0 offers widespread automation across various technologies, the question remains whether the industrial evolution is over. In recent years, the term Industry 5.0 has been used to represent human-centric and sustainable industrial practices, which align with achieving the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles outlined by the United Nations (UN). These principles serve as a framework through which companies can contribute to fulfilling the UN’s global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Given the growing significance of Industry 5.0 in the context of sustainability, this study seeks to explore two key research questions: (1) „What is the current state of research on Industry 5.0 in relation to ESG and SDGs?“ and (2) „What thematic areas are most commonly explored in research linking Industry 5.0, ESG and SDGs?“. To answer these questions, a systematic literature review was conducted, analysing a final selection of 22 papers. Three main clusters were identified, categorizing the studies as follows: (1) Management and Sustainability, which examines sustainability management practices and the role of ESG factors in business; (2) Technology and the Human Factor, highlighting the intersection of technological and social innovations; and (3) Digital Innovation and Future Technologies, encompassing emerging technological trends such as Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and the metaverse. This study highlights the importance of strategic planning, circular economy integration, and digital transformation in fostering sustainability. While the research on Industry 5.0 is still evolving, this study provides insights into the intersection of automation, human-centricity and environmental responsibility.