The subject of the study is the ways of lexicalizing the action of removal in Russian and French, realized through the material of verbal vocabulary. It analyzes how the universal concept of removal, encompassing physical movement of an object, elimination of information, abstract expulsion, or destruction, receives linguistic expression in two typologically different systems. The focus is on lexical-semantic groups of verbs, their semantic structure, morphological features, and syntactic behavior. The study closely examines Russian prefixal derivatives and aspectual pairs (удалить, снять, вынуть, убрать, стереть, искоренить), which convey the subtle nuances of the manner, direction, and result of the action. In contrast, it presents the French lexical variety of basic verbs (enlever, ter, retirer, supprimer, liminer, dtruire, chasser), which combine with prepositions and adverbs to clarify semantics. Special attention is given to the role of context and pragmatic factors that determine the choice of a specific linguistic unit depending on the nature of the object (physical, informational, social) and the purpose of communication. The methodological foundation consists of a descriptive method for classifying material, a comparative (contrastive) method for identifying similarities and differences, and component analysis of the semantic structure of verbs. The scientific novelty lies in the systematic contrastive analysis that reveals fundamentally different strategies for conceptualizing removal: the Russian language employs prefixal detailing (synthetic approach), while the French language uses lexical variation with analytical clarification through prepositions. It has been established that while basic universals (verbs like "убрать / enlever") exist, the ways of expressing nuances of removal diverge: Russian prefixes encode spatial and resultant shades within the word, while French prepositions and adverbs perform the same function externally. It has also been revealed that abstract forms of removal (искоренять, лишать) in Russian have a more abstract character, whereas their French counterparts often retain a connection to specific actions. Pragmatic factors and context (physical object, social action, information) determine the choice of verb in both languages. The results are significant for translation theory, lexicography, and language teaching, helping to avoid interference and achieve accuracy in conveying meanings.
Takhir Arabi Brakhim (Wed,) studied this question.