Artificial intelligence has evolved to generative AI (GenAI), a paradigm shift that has shifted the emphasis away from the evaluation of existing patterns to the generation of novel biological and medical material. This study examines GenAI achievements in biosciences and medical fields the last five years in these fields using databases such as PubMed and Scopus. The paper highlights the recent evolution in biomedical research from virtual screening to de novo design. It illustrates how models like RFdiffusion and ProteinMPNN leverage “inverse folding” to assemble novel of proteins and drugs. Ultimately, these generative methods yield candidate with enhanced binding affinity and structural stability. For example, exploratory studies suggest GenAI has the potential to address inefficiencies via automatic documentation in the therapeutic sector, and it may enhance research capabilities by using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) to generate synthetic clinical trial data that preserves confidentiality. In addition, the review argues that though GenAI democratizes medical education through scalable simulations, it raises questions about long-term knowledge retention. Finally, GenAI also offers a transformative “write” capability for biology, but its responsible application will require addressing model “hallucinations” and building Explainable AI (XAI) and robust ethical frameworks.
Nikolopoulos et al. (Fri,) studied this question.