Kazakhstan's tourism sector has experienced rapid expansion in recent years, becoming a cornerstone of the country's economic diversification strategy. Supported by initiatives such as the Kazakhstan 2050 Strategy and the Tourism Development Concept 2023-2029, the industry has benefited from rising visitor numbers, infrastructure development, and growing revenues. At the center of this growth is the hospitality sector, which directly influences visitor satisfaction, loyalty, and perceptions of Kazakhstan as a destination. Global trends in sustainability, digital innovation, and experiential tourism further underscore the importance of adapting hospitality practices to remain competitive. However, challenges persist, particularly regarding inconsistent service standards, limited professional training, and gaps in cross-cultural awareness. As Kazakhstan attracts tourists from diverse cultural backgrounds - including Europe, China, Russia, and the Gulf region - understanding and accommodating varying expectations becomes critical. Drawing on frameworks such as Hofstede's cultural dimensions, this study explores how tourism and hospitality trends intersect with cross-cultural differences in Kazakhstan.
L.N. et al. (Thu,) studied this question.