As a world cultural heritage, Dunhuang murals face severe damage from erosion, aging, and human activity, necessitating high-quality digital restoration. Unlike prohibited physical renovations, digital methods enable non-destructive recovery and detailed archiving. While diffusion-based image restoration has advanced in other domains, mural restoration still struggles with blurred edges, color inconsistency, and insufficient detail. To address this, we propose a novel diffusion model incorporating an improved denoising network and an Enhanced Multi-head Contextual Attention (EMCA) strategy. This approach better captures complex features and multi-scale information, yielding clearer outputs and enhanced visual effects. Experimental results on three categories of damaged mural datasets (cracks, peeling, fading) demonstrate superior performance over baseline methods, with significant improvements in PSNR, SSIM, and LPIPS, enhancing both restoration accuracy and visual quality.
Li et al. (Wed,) studied this question.