The modern cosmological paradigm (ΛCDM) has encountered insurmountable crises: the Hubble tension (H0), the S8 anomaly, and the dynamic nature of dark energy, recently confirmed by DESI data (2024–2026). In this work, the author rejects the accumulation of "dark entities" and moves toward a method of direct fundamental analysis. Through a series of foundational questions and answers, it is demonstrated that the vacuum is not a void, but a viscous fermionic condensate. The OCEAN model resolves cosmological tensions without invoking "new physics", instead returning to the classical rheology of a medium.
Alexander Shlyapik (Tue,) studied this question.