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May 10, 2026

0694 Polysomnographic Findings in Pediatric Patients with Narcolepsy Type 1 and Narcolepsy Type 2: A Retrospective Review

Key Points

This analysis aims to characterize daytime and nighttime sleep features in pediatric patients diagnosed with narcolepsy type 1 and type 2.
Retrospective review of data from Pulse Infoframe registry
Included patients aged ≤18 years from 22 US hospitals between 2009 and 2017
All patients underwent clinical evaluation, Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), and overnight polysomnography (PSG).
471 pediatric patients identified, with 70% having NT1 and 30% NT2.
Median sleep latency was 2.1 minutes for NT1 and 3.5 minutes for NT2; both groups had median SOREMPs of 4.0.
Median arousals per hour were 12.6 for NT1 and 11.0 for NT2, highlighting significant sleep disturbances.

Abstract

Abstract Introduction There are few large polysomnographic datasets for children and adolescents with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and 2 (NT2). This analysis aims to characterize daytime and nighttime sleep features in pediatric patients with NT1 and NT2. Methods A retrospective review of Pulse Infoframe registry data of patients aged ≤18 years with a diagnosis of NT1 or NT2 from 22 US hospitals between 2009 and 2017 was performed. All included patients underwent a clinical evaluation, Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), and overnight polysomnography (PSG). Data were analyzed descriptively. Results In total, 471 patients were identified (NT1, 70%; NT2, 30%; male, 52%; white, 48%). MSLT: median (IQR) sleep latency was 2.1 (1.0-3.9) minutes for patients with NT1 (n=308) and 3.5 (1.7-5.6) minutes for those with NT2 (n=136). Median (IQR) sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods (SOREMPs) were 4.0 (3.0-4.0) for patients with NT1 and 4.0 (3.0-4.0) for those with NT2. PSG: respective median (range) N1 percentage and time were 8% (0%-44%) and 35.9 (0-188.3) minutes for patients with NT1 and 7% (0%-32%) and 32.5 (0-152.6) minutes for those with NT2. Respective median (range) N2 percentage and time were 49% (19%-82%) and 218.7 (3.2-427.3) minutes for patients with NT1 and 50% (16%-80%) and 237.0 (69.1-426.1) minutes for those with NT2. Respective median (range) N3 percentage and time were 21% (1%-63%) and 98.6 (2.5-354.2) minutes for patients with NT1 and 20% (2%-54%) and 98.7 (6.5-240.8) minutes for those with NT2. Respective median (range) REM percentage and latency were 19% (0%-41%) and 90.1 (0-234.2) minutes for patients with NT1 and 22% (2%-40%) and 100.0 (7.2-226.0) minutes for those with NT2. Median (range) arousals per hour were 12.6 (0-65.0) for patients with NT1 and 11.0 (0.1-38.4) for those with NT2. Conclusion Treatment of narcolepsy is often solely focused on daytime symptoms; however, sleep latency and SOREMP data point to NT1 and NT2 ultimately being disorders of both sleep and wake. Future research and patient care should consider the 24/7 nature of narcolepsy. Support (if any) Avadel Pharmaceuticals

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