Heuristic Derivation of the Planck–Einstein and de Broglie Relations from the Concept of Minimum Action

We present a heuristic derivation of the Planck–Einstein relation E = hν and the de Broglie relation p = h/λ starting from a single hypothesis: the existence of an absolute minimum action h. From dimensional considerations alone, both relations follow immediately, with h identified a posteriori with Planck’s constant on the basis of experimental data. The work complements a previous paper in which special relativity is derived from a correspondence principle, suggesting a unified heuristic framework for the foundations of modern physics.