Hemoptysis in children is uncommon but may indicate serious underlying pathology. Aspergilloma, a subtype of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, is a rare cause, particularly in immunocompetent children. We report on a 10-year-old boy with recurrent large-volume hemoptysis associated with right lower lobe bronchiectasis. Imaging revealed cavitary lung disease, and histopathology following lobectomy demonstrated fungal hyphae consistent with aspergillosis. Surgical resection followed by itraconazole therapy resulted in complete resolution of symptoms. This case highlights the importance of considering aspergilloma in immunocompetent children with recurrent hemoptysis and emphasizes the role of surgical intervention in localized disease.
Kabir et al. (Wed,) studied this question.